Philippine Flag

The 1998 RA8491 text distinguishes displays. Section 10 puts blue above for peace and red above for war on a pole. When hanging, blue is on the observer’s left for peace, red for war. Separately, section 16(e) puts the sun and stars uppermost when displayed vertically against a wall.

Peace and war display positions, observer’s viewpoint.
1998 display positions.
Enlarge display matrix

In December 1941, Quezon’s EO386 ordered red above blue during the existing emergency, until otherwise ordered. The flag otherwise remained as prescribed by existing laws, according to Lawphil’s Arellano transcription. Its heading and execution clause disagree on the day.

Emergency instruction beside conditional display rule.
Different documentary scopes.
Enlarge document comparison

These texts do not establish uninterrupted legal continuity or today’s wartime status.

RA8491 · EO386

Nov 5th 2026 Sydney S.

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